The Ancient Medical Tools That Scary

1. Tobacco Enema (1750-1810):

Was first used in medical terms to enter the smoke through the anus / rectum, the tool is used against the victims drowned. By entering the tobacco smoke through the anus / rectum, it is believed that the victim may be re-breathing drowning after collapsing due to drowning.
 
2. Artificial Leech (1840):

Used for the treatment of diseases of the eye and ear.

3. Double Guillotine (1860):

 Used to remove tonsils

4. Screw "Gag" (1880-1910):

Used to force open the patient's mouth

5. Saw (1830-60):

 Chainsaws are used for sawing cuts considered weak for surgery

6. Backward "Scissors (1500):

 Chainsaws were used to perform the operation for amputation.

7. Knive for Cutting (1770):

Knives and scissors are used for the operation.

8. Manual Trepanation Skull (1800):

Tool used to pierce the skull, for the operation of the internal organs of the head.


10. Combating Hernia (1850):

This tool will be inserted into the affected area of ​​the body hernia and will be left in a few weeks, then it will be issued, and the use of these scars will heal hernia.

11. "Compass" for The Exact Location Bullets In The Body (1915):

Shaped like a compass tool will be used to mark bullet, with this tool will be the location of a bullet mark.

12. Tool To Extract The Bullet (1500):

By using this tool is the bullet that penetrated into the body will be removed.

Every 5 Seconds, 1 Person Died Because Hunger

World face great danger in the form of the food crisis and hunger globally. More than one billion people of the world in danger of starvation. In fact, now every five seconds a citizen of the world die from hunger.

It was stated by the Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN), Ban Ki-moon. "More than 17,000 children will die of starvation., And every five seconds one person died from the same cause," he said in his speech before the delegates Level Conference (Summit) Food Security in Rome, Italy, Monday, November 16, 2009.

Ban stressed losses and the costs incurred due to the food crisis of humanity. Thus, a comprehensive approach is required and the tight connection between food security and climate change. "Food security can not be achieved without climate security," Ban said as quoted from the pages of the United Nations.

Furthermore, Ban said the world needs food grown more than 70 percent in 2050. But at the same time faced with the challenge of climate will become more extreme and unpredictable. The UN has estimated that this year alone, the number of citizens of the world who are at risk of hunger across the globe has increased to over one billion people.

The summit, hosted UN World Food Organization (FAO) that lasted for three days and followed the leaders of 60 countries. Most of the leaders are from developing countries and the poor. They include President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva of Brazil, and Muammar Gaddafi of Libya. Pope Benedict XVI, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, also attended the summit.

10 Phobias The Dreaded

Phobia (phobia) is an excessive fear of something or phenomena. Phobias can be said to hamper the lives of people who have it. For some people, fear a person with phobia is difficult to understand. That is why, people are often used in monthly by the surrounding friends.

There is a difference between "language" between the observer with a person with a phobia phobia. Observers phobia using the language of logic while a person with a phobia typically use language sense. For the observer feels funny if someone big man, afraid of small animals such as cockroaches or rats. While a person with a phobia of mental dibayangan subject into something very big, colorful, very icky or scary.

There are 10 types of objects that most often feared by humans on this earth, Here's his review:

1. Fear of snakes

This is kind of the most common phobias. Excessive fear of snakes attributed to the ability of our ancestors to survive in the wild. Snake has always considered venomous animals, disgusting, from time to time. Even identified with Satan by certain beliefs. Apparently this snake phobia will be evolutionary, handed down by our ancestors since ancient times until now.

2. Fear of spiders

Found that women are four times more numerous that fear or disgust of spiders than men. In a study published in the journal Evolution and Human Behavior, David Rakison of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, said that the baby girl aged 11 months to express their fears and laba0laba sight picture snakes, while the baby boy was not. The theory of evolution says that it is natural, because women often met a spider in the house, or when they are preparing food in the kitchen. While men tend to be taught to be brave in these animals when they are in the wild.

 3. Fear of enclosed spaces

Also known as agoraphobia, the fear suffered by 1.8 million Americans aged adults, according to the National Institute of Mental Health in 2008. Enclosed places that are considered difficult for them to escape or exit the object of the most feared. Usually they are afraid of the elevator / lift, the gym is closed, bridges, public transportation vehicles, cars, malls, and even aircraft. Patients are reluctant to travel or be in a car for too long.

4. Afraid of the someone else

Never met a man whose face reddened as he spoke in front of crowds? Sweating, trouble speaking or stuttering or even a tummy ache? That the characteristics people fear in others or known by the name sosialphobia. As many as 15 million American adults suffer from it, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Severe, sometimes not currently holding talks in public only. Sosialphobia Patients also often difficult to eat or drink in front of crowds. Symptoms are visible only after the onset of puberty.

5. Fear of heights

This is the kind of phobia is also quite a lot of sufferers. Sebagnyak estimated 3-5% of the world's population suffers akrophobia, fear of being in high places. In research ever conducted, the patient akrophobia feel all high places is higher than the actual. For example, the actual height is only 3 feet, then in the eyes of patients akrophobia, they like seeing an object 6 feet tall.

6. Fear of the dark

Fear of the dark that affects children apparently are the most common phobias as well. "The kids believe in the dark imagination that can suddenly arise hanti, kidnappers or robbers," said Thomas Ollendick, professor of psychology and director of the Child Study Center at Virginia Tech. Normally, this fear will disappear with age. But if adults up to the age we are still suffering from the fear of the dark, then it means we suffer nyctophobia.

7. Fear of lightning and thunder

For people with this phobia, the sound of thunder and lightning will feel like stomping the heart, and even make them sweat. Patients with severe even to decide to move to a safer part of thunder and lightning., Says John Westefeld, scientists from the University of Iowa. Westefeld reported from the survey of students in 2006, as many as 73% suffer from mild to fear the weather. But most of them are ashamed to admit it. For those that phobia on lightning and thunder, it's good to start training a sense of panic and anxiety.

8. Fear of flying

Do not think they are people that have never been on a plane, because the fact that as many as 25 million Americans also suffer from this phobia. Aviophobia name for it is, where a person is afraid to fly. It may be that it has been born so, or was ever in a plane crash so traumatized plane again, for the terrible events that continue to haunt.

9. Fear of Dogs

No need to have these types of doberman dog, dog cute poodle any kind of fear. Patients experiencing fear cynophobia bitten by a dog, may well have been bitten or seen others bitten by dogs, according to psychology professor Brad Schmidt of Ohio State University.

10. Fear of Dentists

Not just a little boy you know that fear to the dentist, there are also adults. A total of 9-20 oersen Americans apparently to avoid her teeth checked by a doctor despite the severe conditions though. This fear is caused more by the pain that occurs when plaque teeth cleaned, and not everyone can hold it.

15 Foods Cause Fat

Here it is 15 kinds of food that's easy to make fat. If he did not get rid of the menu, change the type of low-calorie and fat-free, or do not eat them too often.

1. Pure potato.Moreover, if the process using the cream and butter. Imagine, 1/2 cup serving only has 200 calories!

2. Candy.In addition to containing malicious types of fat, sugar content is also very high. So it is a kind of snacks such as donuts, cakes and rolls.

3. Ice cream.Although ecstasy is very inviting, ice cream is a dish that is very high in fat, sugar and calories. So, consider returning to enjoy if you are dieting.

4. potato chips.This savory snack is one of the foods most likely to make fat because the salt content is very high .. Not to mention the fat and sugar, so the total calorie high. In addition, many potato chips contain preservatives, artificial flavorings and sweeteners obviously be detrimental to health.

5. Meat.

Although very practical, hot dogs, and processed meats like sausages, fat is not good. Levels are so high, as much as the salt content it contains.


6. Fried snacks.This type of food is not good for health because it is generally fried in oil that not replaced every time the fry. Also very high fat content and less assured of cleanliness if sold on the street.

7. Fast food.
Among hamburgers, nachos and fries. Very high fat content, as well as the calorie content. While healthy nutrition, is negligible.

8. Carbonated drinks.Though bringing freshness of a moment, these drinks have absolutely no nutritional value. Unless, rich in sugar, sodium, and calories.

9. Cereals.With its high carbohydrate content, is increasingly becoming a threat when he met with the sweet taste of sugar. This type of food will increase blood sugar and cause the body to store fat.

10. Milk .

Although good for the body in calcium, milk has a very high fat content that will add body fat. So, if you want to take benefit of calcium, replace it by eating fat-free milk or at least the ones that have reduced fat content.

 

11. Kroth.The content of fat and carbohydrates and calories as high.

12. Bread.Especially made ​​from flour that has undergone a process of refinement, so that a high fat content and carbohydrate. To be safe, try to eat whole wheat bread, so it can be useful life of the fiber.

13. Whipped cream.Often used as an ornamental in strawberry juice and salad dressing, all contain high fat and calories will be higher if mixed with your healthy diet. Instead, if you're eating healthy foods, do not be flavored with a variety of cream or topping.

14. Mayonnaise.Having so many ties of fat in it. So, you should wear a little if you want.

15. Instant coffee.Did you know that a cup of instant coffee contains more than 39 fat?
Well, if your body does not want to be fat, carefully calculate how many calories of instant coffee into the body.

Triangle Symbol Meaning In Plastic Bottles

It is a sign that reycle usually in plastic bottles, plastic drink either plain, shampoo, baby bottles and others, here I will try to explain what the symbols mean, side effects and the impact may be useful.

 
1. PET — Polyethylene Terephthalate

Usually, at the bottom of plastic bottles, recycling logo printed with the number 1 in the center and writing PETE or PET (polyethylene terephthalate). Used for plastic bottles clear / transparent / translucent like mineral water bottles, juice bottles, and almost any other beverage bottles. Bottle type PET / PETE is recommended ONLY USE ONCE, why? If it is too often used, especially used to keep warm let alone hot water, will result in the polymer layer on the bottle will melt and release substances carcinogenic (can cause cancer).

In making PET, using a material called antimony trioxide, which is dangerous for workers associated with the processing or recycling, as antimony trioxide enters the body through the respiratory system, which is caused by inhaling dust containing compound.

 
Contamination of these compounds over a long period will experience: skin and respiratory tract irritation. For working women, these compounds increase menstrual problems and miscarriage, even when giving birth, their children are likely to experience slow growth until the age of 12 months.

2. HDPE — High Density Polyethylene

Generally, at the bottom of plastic bottles, recycling logo printed with the number 2 in the middle, as well as the writings of HDPE (high density polyethylene) in the bottom of the triangle. Used for milk bottle white milk, tupperware, gallons of drinking water, folding chairs, and others.

 
HDPE is a plastic material that is safe to use because of its ability to prevent chemical reaction between the plastic packaging made ​​from HDPE with food / drinks are packed.

 
HDPE has the properties of a material stronger, harder, more opaque and resistant to high temperatures. Just as PET, HDPE is also recommended only for a single use, since the release of antimony trioxide compounds continues to increase over time.

 

3. V — Polyvinyl Chloride

Recycling logo printed (sometimes red) with the number 3 in the middle, and writing V - V means of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), which is the most difficult type of plastic that is recycled.

 
Plastics can be found on the plastic wrap (cling wrap), and bottles. PVC contains DEHA can react with foods that are packed with plastic made ​​from PVC is now in direct contact with food such as DEHA is melted at a temperature of-15oC.
The reaction that occurs between PVC plastic packaged food is potentially harmful to the kidneys, liver and body weight.

 
Should we look for alternatives other food packaging that does not contain softeners, such as plastics made ​​of polyethylene or natural materials (eg banana leaf).

4. LDPE — Low Density Polyethylene

Listed recycling logo with the number 4 in the middle, as well as writing LDPE
- LDPE (low density polyethylene) is a type of brown plastic (thermoplastic / made from petroleum), used for the food, plastic packaging and bottles of soft.

The mechanical properties of LDPE plastic types are strong, somewhat translucent, flexible and somewhat greasy surface. At temperatures below 60 ° C is very resistant to chemicals, power protection against moisture quite well, but not good for the other gases such as oxygen.

 
These plastics can be recycled, either for goods that require flexibility but strong, and has good resistance to chemical reaction.

 
Items made ​​from LDPE is difficult to destroy, but still good for the food because it is difficult to react chemically with foods that are packed with this material.

5. PP — Polypropylene

Listed recycling logo with the number 5 in the middle, as well as writing PP
- PP (polypropylene) is the best choice for plastic materials, especially for dealing with food and drinks as a place to store food, drink bottles and foremost drink bottles for babies.
 
Characteristic was the usual transparent bottles that are not clear or cloudy. Polypropylene is stronger and lighter with low vapor permeability, good resistance to fat, stable to high temperatures and quite shiny
Look for the code number 5 when buying goods made ​​of plastic to store a variety of food and beverage packaging.

6 . PS — Polystyrene

Listed recycling logo with the number 6 in the middle, and writing the PS
- PS (polystyrene) was discovered in 1839, by Eduard Simon, a pharmacist from Germany, by accident.PS commonly used as a place to eat Styrofoam, disposable drinking places, and others. Polystyrene is an aromatic polymer material that can emit styrene into food when food is in contact. In addition to the food, styrene can also be obtained from cigarette smoke, fumes and building construction materials.
 
This material should be avoided as dangerous to health than the brain, interfering with the female hormone estrogen which result in reproductive problems, and growth and nervous system, as well as the material is difficult to recycle. Even when recycled, these materials require a long process and a long time. This material can be identified by the code number 6, but if the code number is not listed on the packaging of plastic, this material can be recognized by burning (a last resort and should be avoided). When burned, these materials will emit yellow-orange flame, and leave soot.

Put Mobile In Waist caused Brittle bones

if you usually put the cell phone strapped waist? There is a good start to stop this habit, because it can cause bone loss. Based on research Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey, found that cell phones are often placed in the hip may reduce bone density in the pelvic area which is used for bone grafting.

According to researchers, the electromagnetic fields emitted by cell phones dangerous bone density. Therefore, the next generation of mobile phones is expected to reduce the user's exposure to electromagnetic fields. "For a while, it's good to make sure that placing a cell phone as far away from the body, as long as we live," said researcher Dr. Tolga Atay, as quoted by AP.

In a study published in the Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, the researchers used X-ray absorptiometry to measure bone density at the circumference of the pelvis (iliac wings / wing bone grafting sacrum and colon) in 150 men who carry cell phones on belt their waists. The participants were carrying mobile phones in the hip about 15 hours a day, and have been using cell phones for about six years.

Study found decreased bone density in the pelvis in which the participants bring their cell phones. According to researchers, the difference was not significant and did not approach the limit density decrease as people with osteoporosis. However, the man was still relatively young (average age 32) and a decrease in bone mass will still continue.

Iliac wings and pelvis are widely used for bone implant. This means that any reduction in bone density will affect reconstruction surgery. In the process, bone density is very important to get good results, physicians should consider the effects of exposure elektromanetik field of mobile phones.

10 Most Useful Medicinal Plants's Most Wanted

Medicinal plants are plants that have medicinal properties and are used as a medicine in the treatment and prevention of disease. Understanding efficacious drugs contain active substances that are working to treat a particular disease or if it does not contain certain active substances but containing resultant effect / synergy of various substances that serve treat. In the use of medicinal plants as medicines can be given by mouth, taped, for washing / bathing, inhaled so its use can meet the concept of working in the receiving cell receptors or chemical stimuli.
 
1. Olives

Olive (Olea europaea) is a small tree yearly and perennial green, the young fruit can be eaten raw or after preserved as a refresher. Old men who squeezed and oil extracted olive oil can be used for various purposes. Olives is a member of the tribe Oleaceae. Besides being known as a food flavor enhancer, oil also has a variety of benefits, both for health and beauty. Properties include:

• This oil can be used for hair. One of them is to dry hair as a result of air pollution, exposure to sunlight, too much is in the air-conditioned or even overuse of chemical-based products. Use of hair and scalp treatment containing olive oil is believed to be the right solution and healthy. Because the nutrients contained in them can repair damaged hair cuticles while providing extra moisture to the hair. So the hair becomes healthy, soft, shiny and easy branching.
• Pure olive oil (Extra Virgin Olive Oil or Olive Oil Un-refined) can also be used directly on the scalp before treatment creambath. Even the olive oil mixed with castor oil, lemon juice and water solution of peppermint leaves steeping believed to be a natural recipe to prevent dandruff and itchy scalp.
• For facial treatments, beauty products containing olive oil are believed to help retain moisture and elasticity of the skin as well as facilitate the regeneration of the skin, so the skin does not easily dry and wrinkled. For the face, olive oil can be mixed with a mask or diulaskan directly on the skin.
• For olive oil the body can be used as a carrier oil for blending essential oils as a massage oil. Olive oil can also be used as a mixture of body lotion or soap to maintain moisture and skin softness.
• Olive oil is also beneficial to maintain the shape and firmness of breasts.
• As for the arms and legs, olive oil can also be used to reduce the thickened skin on the soles of the feet, to maintain smooth skin and strengthen nails.
• Maintaining healthy blood vessels of the heart, thereby reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. That is because the mono-unsaturated fats, especially oleic acid. But there are also studies showing the efficacy of oil on heart health stems from its phenolic compound classes, not fatty acids. The content of phenolic compounds act as antioxidants, which can maintain the elasticity of arteries.
• as a mild laxative to ease the process of defecation.

2. Dates

 
Dates are a type of plant palm (palm) or in Latin more familiar with phonex dactylifer fruitful and be eaten, both raw and cooked state. Based on the research of scientists, dates rich in protein, fiber sugars, vitamin A and C and minerals such as iron, calcium, sodium and potassium. Protein content in the palm of 1.8 - 2.0 percent, fiber as much as 2.0 - 4.0 per cent and sugar by 50 - 70 percent glucose. As research conducted Kesahatan Agency (WHO), the sugars that are in contrast with the palm sugar fruits such as cane sugar or regular sugar contains sucrose which the substance is directly absorbed into the body. This makes the sugar it should dipecahkab first by enzymes before they turn into glucose. Conversely, dates do not require such a process. Benefits and efficacy of dates are:

• Tamr (dried dates) to strengthen the intestinal cells and may help expedite the urinary tract because it contains fibers in charge of controlling the rate of bowel movements and strengthen the uterus, especially when giving birth.
• Ruthab (wet dates) has the effect of controlling the rate of movement of the uterus and increase the period systolenya (contraction of the heart when blood is pumped into the arteries).
• Potassium in handy for troubleshooting dates stress, constipation and muscle weakness. Not only that, thanks to the iron and calcium are there on dates, people will avoid high risk diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.
• When eaten by children, then the date to give efficacy to educate their brains.

3. Ginseng

Ginseng (Panax) is a kind of herb which is included in interest Araliaceae. Ginseng grows in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in Siberia, Manchuria, Korea, and the United States. Type tropical ginseng can be found in Vietnam, and Indonesia. Ginseng is often used in traditional medicine. The roots of this plant can improve the flow and increase the production of red blood cells, boosting the immune system, reduce fatigue, increase stamina, improve mental and psychiatric disorders, increases the body's fluids and prevent diabetes, strengthens the digestive system, preventing irritation, remove toxins, and aid recovery from illness.
 
4. Keji Beling

Nasty shard is a shrub, 1-2 meters high. Jointed stems, bulla, shaggy, monopodial branching, green color. This plant is easy to breed in soil, somewhat sheltered and in the open, Elevation: 1 m - 1,000 m above sea level · Annual rainfall: 2,500 mm - 4,000 mm / year · Month wet (above 100 mm / month ): 8 months - 9 months · in dry (below 60 mm / month): 3 months - 4 months · air temperature: 200 C - 250 C · Humidity: medium · Radiation: medium. Soil Texture: sand to clay · Drainage: medium - good soil · Water depth: 25 cm of the soil surface rooting · Depth: 5 cm of the soil surface · Acidity (pH): 5.5 - 7 · Fertility: medium. The benefit is treating Urinary stones, urine substandard, bladder stones, gall bladder stones, kidney stones, Diabetes, Constipation, Tumor, Diabetes Mellitus, Lever (ill Yellow), high cholesterol, ulcers and hemorrhoids.
 
5. Mengkudu

Mengkudu (Java: pace, kemudu, kudu); cengkudu (Sunda), kodhuk (Madura), wengkudu (Bali) from the region of Southeast Asia, belonging to the family Rubiaceae. Another name for this plant is Noni (Hawaiian), Nono (Tahiti language), Nonu (Tonga language), ungcoikan (Myanmar language) and Ach (Hindi), plants grow in the lowlands at an altitude of 1500 m. Noni tree height reaches 3-8 m, has a white flower head. The fruit is glossy green and have spotted. On the whole noni fruit is nutritionally complete diet. Nutrients the body needs, like proteins, viamin, and essential minerals, available preformance sufficient in fruit and noni leaf. a mineral found in noni is a powerful antioxidant. Terpenoids. It helps in the process of organic synthesis and recovery of body cells. Bakteri.Zat anti-active substances contained in fruit juice can kill the bacteria that cause infections, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Protens morganii, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Anti-bacterial agent that also can control pathogenic bacteria (lethal) such as Salmonella montivideo, S. scotmuelleri, S. typhi and Shigella dusenteriae, S. flexnerii, S. pradysenteriae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Scolopetin. The compound is very effective scolopetin As with other anti inflammatory and anti-allergic.